Research Article: Efficacy and safety of dupilumab in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis with stage 3–5 chronic kidney disease: a retrospective real-world study
Abstract:
To evaluate dupilumab efficacy and safety in stage 3–5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).
This retrospective study included 29 such patients receiving dupilumab who completed 12 and 24 weeks of follow-up. Assessments included Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), Pruritus Numeric Rating Scale ( N RS), Sleep NRS, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), eosinophils, interleukin-10 (IL-10), regulatory T cell (Treg) proportions, and renal function [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum creatinine, and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR)]. Adverse events were recorded.
At week?12, mean EASI score decreased from 34.94?±?7.96 at baseline to 19.31?±?6.09 (44.7% reduction), with 76.0% of patients achieving EASI-50. Pruritus NRS decreased from 7.72?±?1.75 to 3.72?±?1.75 (51.8% reduction), and 88.0% achieved a???4-point improvement. DLQI improved by 52.1%, and 100% of patients achieved a???4-point improvement. CFS score decreased by 17.5%. Eosinophil counts decreased by 25.0%, while IL-10 and Treg proportions increased by 49.9% and 50.8%, respectively. At week?24, EASI-50, EASI-75, and EASI-90 response rates were 100%, 76.9%, and 7.7%, respectively; 100% of patients achieved ?4-point improvements in both pruritus NRS and DLQI. IL-10 and Treg continued to rise, and CFS score was significantly reduced from baseline ( P =?0.001). Renal function parameters remained stable throughout the 24-week follow-up: mean eGFR showed a minimal decline from 37.93?±?14.88 to 36.39?±?14.77?mL/min/1.73?m 2 at week 24 ( P =?0.073), serum creatinine and UPCR also showed no significant changes ( P =?0.130 and P =?0.069, respectively). Only two mild-to-moderate adverse events (injection-site reaction and conjunctivitis) occurred, both resolved with symptomatic management. No treatment discontinuation, death, or worsening of renal function was reported.
Dupilumab effectively improves skin lesions, pruritus, sleep, quality of life, and frailty, while showing changes consistent with regulatory immune modulation in patients with stage?3–5 CKD and moderate-to-severe AD, with a favorable safety profile. Renal impairment alone should not be considered an absolute contraindication, although patients with advanced CKD require careful monitoring.
Introduction:
To evaluate dupilumab efficacy and safety in stage 3–5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).
Read more